The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) are implementing significant changes to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) rules, specifically targeting Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents (ABAWD). These new rules, set to take effect on October 1, 2024, will impact how long ABAWDs can receive SNAP benefits and the work requirements they must meet to continue receiving assistance beyond the initial three-month period. Here’s what you need to know about these upcoming changes.
ABAWD and SNAP
ABAWDs are individuals aged 18-54 who do not have dependents and are not exempt from the general work requirements. Under the new USDA rules, if you fall into this category, you will only be eligible to receive SNAP benefits for three months within a three-year period unless you meet specific work requirements. These changes are part of the broader effort to encourage self-sufficiency and reduce reliance on government assistance.
New Work Requirements
Starting on October 1, 2024, ABAWDs aged 18-54 must fulfill the following work requirements to receive SNAP benefits for more than three months:
80 Hours of Work
To continue receiving benefits, you must work at least 80 hours per month. The work can be in exchange for money, services, or goods. Additionally, volunteer work also qualifies. The flexibility of these work options allows you to choose the one that best fits your personal situation.
Training Programs
If you’re unable to find work, you can participate in an eligible training program for 80 hours per month. Programs like SNAP Employment and Training, or other local, state, or federal initiatives, are designed to help you gain the skills needed to find employment. Combining work and training is also an option to meet the required hours.
Exemptions
Some individuals are exempt from these work requirements. For example, if you are aged 24 or younger and were in foster care on your 18th birthday, you are exempt. Veterans, those experiencing homelessness, pregnant individuals, and those with physical or mental disabilities are also exempt. Additionally, if you have a child or someone under 18 in your household, you are not subject to the ABAWD time limits or work requirements.
Pros and Cons
Proponents argue that these work requirements incentivize self-sufficiency and help individuals move towards financial independence. They believe exemptions should be limited to those who are genuinely unable to work, such as individuals with severe disabilities or significant barriers to employment. By reducing exemptions, the goal is to encourage work and reduce dependency on government assistance.
Arguments
Critics argue that strict work requirements unfairly penalize vulnerable individuals who face significant challenges in finding and maintaining employment. Many low-income ABAWDs may lack access to stable jobs, transportation, education, training, healthcare, and other essential services needed to secure steady employment. Cutting off food assistance without addressing these underlying issues could worsen food insecurity and increase poverty.
Training Programs
For those who must meet the new work requirements, several training programs are available to help you gain employment skills:
Employment Services
These programs include resume writing, job search training, mock interviews, and career certifications.
Support Services
Financial assistance for work-related expenses such as transportation, job interview attire, and course registration fees is available through these services.
Supervised Job Search
This provides training and support in job search techniques, helping you find suitable employment.
Work Experience
Internships and work assignments provide recent work experience and references, helping you become more employable.
Vocational Training
Programs focused on specific skills, such as healthcare or office skills, can provide the training needed to secure a job in your desired field.
Education
Basic education programs, such as GED or ESL classes, can improve your employability.
Job Retention
Once you secure a job, these services help you maintain your employment through ongoing support.
ABAWD Rules
If you have a child or someone under 18 in your household, you are exempt from the ABAWD work requirements. The general SNAP work requirements still apply, but the stricter ABAWD rules do not. This exemption is crucial for parents or caregivers who may struggle to meet the 80-hour work or training requirement due to their responsibilities.
The 2023 Fiscal Responsibility Act gradually increases the ABAWD age limit to 54 by 2024, but having a child under 18 continues to exempt you from these specific requirements.
As the USDA and FNS implement these new rules, it’s essential to know how they may affect your SNAP benefits if you are an ABAWD. Meeting the work requirements or qualifying for an exemption is critical to ensuring continued access to food assistance. If you are unsure about your eligibility or the best path forward, consider reaching out to a local SNAP office for guidance and support.
FAQs
When do the new ABAWD rules take effect?
The new rules start on October 1, 2024.
How many hours must ABAWDs work to maintain SNAP benefits?
ABAWDs must work or train for at least 80 hours per month.
Who is exempt from ABAWD work requirements?
Exemptions include veterans, homeless individuals, pregnant individuals, and those with disabilities.
Does having a child exempt me from ABAWD rules?
Yes, having a child or someone under 18 in your household exempts you from these rules.
What happens if I don’t meet the work requirements?
You will lose SNAP benefits after three months.
